Table 1:    Levels of Watershed Information - Some Examples

Raw Data - observed/measured at specific sampling points and times by various sciences

Landforms Soil/Vegetation Hydrogeology Stream/riparian Hydrology Fisheries
elevations, aspects soil and vegetation samples groundwater levels and samples stream dimensions and samples daily flow and water quality, precipitation fish counts and behavior observations

Interpolated by specialists over space and time to produce maps or graphs of:

DEMs, slope% and aspect soil types, veg.cover and composition water table, water quality, aquifer properties channel and riparian habitat drought, flooding, climate fish distribution, abundance, habitat use

Interpreted, Synthesized, or Modeled by specialists into assessments of:

landslide risk, erosion risk, runoff potential, sediment yield riparian condition, ECA or ERA, wetland loss rate, weed invasion rate groundwater contamination, potential yield use support, % of reference, habitat quality, cause of impairment flood risk, flow duration curves population trends, threatened species, spawning areas, fishery condition

Used to develop watershed indicators of:

Capacity (areas providing services and resources, and sustainable rate of use of these)
Condition (identification and classification of watersheds and references areas)
Cause (identify factors that contribute to problems)
Change (human-caused vs. natural)
Chance of improvements or problems
Maps of various indicators

Evaluated by citizens in light of social values, using a planning process, to develop:

Definitions of health, integrity, and desired conditions
Conservation goals and limits of acceptable change
Preservation and Restoration goals
Priorities for action
Land use suitability, project timing, cost-effectiveness, social acceptance